Performing Hajj Badal, also commonly known as Badal Hajj, Hajje Badal, or Proxy Hajj, requires the proxy (Ma'moor) to meticulously follow all the essential rites and rituals of Hajj just as if they were performing it for themselves, but with the specific intention (Niyyah) of doing so on behalf of another named individual. Understanding this step-by-step process is crucial for both the person commissioning the Proxy Hajj and the individual undertaking this sacred responsibility.

Appointment and Agreement

The process begins with the Aamir (the one commissioning the Hajj, either for themselves if unable, or for a deceased/unable relative) appointing a suitable proxy. A clear agreement is made, covering the expenses (Hadiyah) for the proxy’s travel, accommodation, and other necessities. The name of the person for whom the Hajj Badal is to be performed must be clearly stated.

Niyyah (Intention) for Hajj Badal

This is the most critical initial step for the proxy. At the designated Miqat (the boundary for entering Ihram), the proxy must make a clear and specific Niyyah to perform Hajj on behalf of the named individual. For example, they might say, "Labbayka Hajjan 'an [Name of Person]" (O Allah, I answer Your call to perform Hajj on behalf of [Name of Person]). Without this specific Niyyah for the beneficiary, the Hajj would count for the proxy themselves (if they haven't done their own Fard Hajj) or as a voluntary Hajj for themselves.

Assuming Ihram

The proxy performs the purificatory rituals (Ghusl or Wudu), dons the Ihram garments (two unstitched white cloths for men, modest attire for women), and after the Niyyah, begins reciting the Talbiyah ("Labbayka Allahumma Labbayk..."). All restrictions of Ihram apply to the proxy just as they would to any other pilgrim.

Performing All Hajj Rituals Diligently

The proxy must then carry out all the pillars (Arkan) and obligatory acts (Wajibat) of Hajj in the correct sequence and manner:

• Arrival in Mecca: Perform Tawaf al-Qudum (Arrival Tawaf) and Sa'i between Safa and Marwa (if performing Hajj Tamattu or Qiran, this Sa'i can be for Umrah initially, or for Hajj if Ifrad/Qiran).
• Journey to Mina (8th Dhul-Hijjah): Proceed to Mina and spend the day and night there, performing prayers.
• Day of Arafat (9th Dhul-Hijjah): Travel to Arafat and perform Wuquf (standing in prayer and supplication) from noon until sunset. This is the most essential rite of Hajj. The proxy must make sincere Duas for the beneficiary.
• Muzdalifah: After sunset at Arafat, proceed to Muzdalifah, combine Maghrib and Isha prayers, spend the night, and collect pebbles for Ramy.
• Ramy al-Jamarat (10th Dhul-Hijjah): Return to Mina and stone Jamarat al-Aqabah with seven pebbles.
• Nahr/Qurbani (Sacrifice): If the type of Badal Hajj requires a sacrifice (Hady), as in Hajj Tamattu or Qiran, the proxy ensures this is done on behalf of the beneficiary.
• Halq or Taqsir (Shaving or Trimming Hair): The proxy then shaves their head or trims their hair.
• Tawaf al-Ifadah and Sa'i for Hajj: Proceed to Mecca to perform Tawaf al-Ifadah (an essential pillar) and Sa'i for Hajj (if not done earlier or if required for their Hajj type).
• Days in Mina (11th, 12th, and optionally 13th Dhul-Hijjah): Return to Mina and perform Ramy (stoning all three Jamarat) on each of these days.
• Tawaf al-Wada (Farewell Tawaf): Before leaving Mecca, the proxy performs the Farewell Tawaf.

Maintaining Integrity and Avoiding Violations

Throughout the Hajj Badal, the proxy must conscientiously avoid actions that could invalidate the Hajj or incur penalties (Fidyah). If any unintentional violations occur, the necessary expiation must be made according to Fiqh rules, often covered by the commissioning funds if pre-agreed.

Communication/Confirmation (Optional but Recommended)

While not a religious requirement, many proxies or organizations provide some form of confirmation to the Aamir upon successful completion of the Hajje Badal, such as a certificate, video/photo evidence (discreetly taken where permissible), or a sworn testimony.

The process for Badal Umrah or Proxy Umrah is similar but shorter, involving Niyyah at Miqat for the beneficiary, Ihram, Tawaf al-Umrah, Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and Halq/Taqsir. The key remains the specific intention and correct performance of all rites of Hajj or Umrah by a trustworthy and knowledgeable proxy.